Neurosteroidogenic Enzymes
Neurosteroidogenic Enzymes: CYP11A1 within the Central Nervous System
Neurosteroids, steroid hormones synthesized regionally in the nervous system, have necessary neuromodulatory and neuroprotective results within the central nervous system. Progress in neurosteroid analysis has led to the profitable translation of allopregnanolone into an permitted remedy for postpartum despair. Nevertheless, there may be inadequate proof to help the assumption that steroidogenesis is precisely the identical between the nervous system and the periphery.
This evaluation focuses on CYP11A1, the one enzyme at present recognized to catalyze the primary response in steroidogenesis to supply pregnenolone, the precursor to all different steroids. Though CYP11A1 mRNA has been present in mind of many mammals, the presence of CYP11A1 protein has been troublesome to detect, significantly in people. Right here, we spotlight the discrepancies within the present proof for CYP11A1 within the central nervous system and suggest new instructions for understanding neurosteroidogenesis, which can be essential for creating neurosteroid-based therapies for the longer term.
cAMP Direct Immunoassay Kit (Colorimetric) |
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| K371-100 | Biovision | each | EUR 614.4 |
Immunoassay Stabilizer (BSA free) |
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| 85R-103BF | Fitzgerald | 1 liter | EUR 577.2 |
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Description: BSA Free Stabilizing buffer for use in immunoassays |
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QuickTiter Adenovirus Titer Immunoassay Kit |
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| VPK-109 | Cell Biolabs | 100 assays | EUR 846 |
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Description: Accurate measurement of adenovirus titer is critical for gene delivery. Traditional plaque-forming unit (PFU) assays are long and suffer from high inter-assay variability. The QuickTiter Adenovirus Titer Immunoassay Kit provide a quick, complete system to functionally titer virus infectivity. The assay recognizes all 41 serotypes of adenovirus, and can be used with any adenovirus system that can amplify in HEK 293 cells. |
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Human IgA AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEI7001 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Human IgG AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEI7200 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Human IgM AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEI7301 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Rat Albumin AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FERA2201 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Mouse Albumin AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEMA2201 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Human Albumin AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEA2201 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
CaspSELECT? Caspase-3 Immunoassay Kit (Fluorometric) |
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| K163-100 | Biovision | each | EUR 901.2 |
Human Prealbumin AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEP2010 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Human Haptoglobin AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEH1003 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
QuickTiter Adenovirus Titer Immunoassay Kit, Trial Size |
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| VPK-109-T | Cell Biolabs | 20 assays | EUR 448.8 |
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Description: Accurate measurement of adenovirus titer is critical for gene delivery. Traditional plaque-forming unit (PFU) assays are long and suffer from high inter-assay variability. The QuickTiter Adenovirus Titer Immunoassay Kit provide a quick, complete system to functionally titer virus infectivity. The assay recognizes all 41 serotypes of adenovirus, and can be used with any adenovirus system that can amplify in HEK 293 cells. |
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Up-converting Phosphor immunoassay analyzer |
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| abx095263-1Machine | Abbexa | 1 Machine | EUR 7326 |
Human Ceruloplasmin AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEC5201 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Human Complement C3 AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEC2101 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Human Complement C4 AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEC2102 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Human Fibrinogen (FBG) AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEF1040 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Human Alpha-1-Antitrypsin AssayLite Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FEA5101 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 475.2 |
Human IgA, IgG and IgM AssayLite Multiplex Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FI700161M3 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 1472.4 |
PRL (Prolactin) ELISA test |
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| 4 | Biobase | 96T/Box | Ask for price |
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Description: ELISA based test for quantitative detection of PRL (Prolactin) |
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Human Albumin and Rat Albumin AssayLite Multiplex Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FA320111M1 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 1083.6 |
Human Ceruloplasmin and Haptoglobin AssayLite Multiplex Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FH100311M2 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 1083.6 |
Bovine Serum Albumin ? Cohn Fraction V, Immunoassay Grade, Protease Free, pH ? 7.0 |
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| 7906-100 | Biovision | each | EUR 783.6 |
Bovine Serum Albumin ? Cohn Fraction V, Immunoassay Grade, Protease Free, pH ? 7.0 |
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| 7906-25 | Biovision | each | EUR 294 |
Bovine Serum Albumin ? Cohn Fraction V, Immunoassay Grade, Protease Free, pH ? 7.0 |
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| 7906-5 | Biovision | each | EUR 144 |
Bovine Serum Albumin ? Cohn Fraction V, Immunoassay Grade, Protease Free, pH ? 5.2 |
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| 7911-100 | Biovision | each | EUR 783.6 |
Bovine Serum Albumin ? Cohn Fraction V, Immunoassay Grade, Protease Free, pH ? 5.2 |
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| 7911-25 | Biovision | each | EUR 294 |
Bovine Serum Albumin ? Cohn Fraction V, Immunoassay Grade, Protease Free, pH ? 5.2 |
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| 7911-5 | Biovision | each | EUR 144 |
Human Complement C3 and Complement C4 AssayLite Multiplex Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FC320161M2 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 1083.6 |
Human Fibrinogen (FBG) and Haptoglobin (HP) AssayLite Multiplex Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FH100361M2 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 1083.6 |
Rat Prl(Prolactin) ELISA Kit |
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| ER0076 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 571.5 |
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Description: Method of detection: Coated with Antigen, Competitive ELISA;Reacts with: Rattus;Sensitivity: 0.469 ng/ml |
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Human Cardiolipin Antibodies, IgA, IgG and IgM AssayLite Multiplex Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FAA3CARL | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 1472.4 |
Goat PRL(Prolactin) ELISA Kit |
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| EG0008 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Coated with Antigen, Competitive ELISA;Reacts with: Goat;Sensitivity: 18.75IU/ml |
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Human Alpha-1-Antitrypsin and Prealbumin AssayLite Multiplex Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FA500111M2 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 1083.6 |
Human Alpha-1-Antitrypsin and Haptoglobin AssayLite Multiplex Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FA500112M2 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 1083.6 |
Sheep PRL(prolactin) ELISA Kit |
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| ESH0063 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Sheep;Sensitivity: 0.188 ng/ml |
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Mouse PRL(Prolactin) ELISA Kit |
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| EM0158 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 571.5 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Mus ;Sensitivity: 0.094 ng/ml |
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Human PRL(Prolactin) ELISA Kit |
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| EH0259 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 571.5 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Homo sapiens;Sensitivity: 0.938 ng/ml |
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Rabbit PRL(Prolactin) ELISA Kit |
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| ERB0102 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Rabbit;Sensitivity: 0.188 ng/ml |
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Bovine PRL(Prolactin) ELISA Kit |
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| EB0013 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Cattle;Sensitivity: 0.469 ng/ml |
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Porcine PRL(Prolactin) ELISA Kit |
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| EP0139 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Pig;Sensitivity: 0.094 ng/ml |
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Chicken PRL(Prolactin) ELISA Kit |
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| ECH6395 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Chicken;Sensitivity: 0.469 ng/ml |
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Mouse Prl8a8( Prolactin-8A8) ELISA Kit |
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| EM0798 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Coated with Antigen, Competitive ELISA;Reacts with: Mus ;Sensitivity: 46.9pg/ml |
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Mouse Prl3b1(Prolactin 3B1) ELISA Kit |
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| EM1597 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Coated with Antigen, Competitive ELISA;Reacts with: Mus ;Sensitivity: 0.094 ng/ml |
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Mouse Prl3d1(Prolactin 3D1) ELISA Kit |
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| EM1598 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Coated with Antigen, Competitive ELISA;Reacts with: Mus ;Sensitivity: 0.094 ng/ml |
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Recombinant RAT Prolactin |
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| P1986 | FN Test | 100ug | Ask for price |
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Description: Recombinant protein for RAT Prolactin |
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Human Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies, IgA, IgG and IgM AssayLite Multiplex Fluorescent Immunoassay Kit |
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| FAA3B2GP1 | AssayPro | 96 Well Plate | EUR 1472.4 |
Human PRLR(Prolactin receptor) ELISA Kit |
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| EH15147 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 628.92 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Homo sapiens;Sensitivity: 9.375pg/ml |
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Recombinant mouse Prolactin-3D1 |
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| P2793 | FN Test | 100ug | Ask for price |
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Description: Recombinant protein for mouse Prolactin-3D1 |
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Human PIP(Prolactin-inducible protein) ELISA Kit |
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| EH2124 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Homo sapiens;Sensitivity: 18.75pg/ml |
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Mouse Pip( Prolactin-inducible protein homolog) ELISA Kit |
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| EM0733 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 681.12 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Mus ;Sensitivity: 0.188 ng/ml |
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Rapid Gold Immuno-assay Kit for Antibody IgG to Tuberculosis (TB) |
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| Z7010010 | Biochain | 1 kit | EUR 247 |
Human PRLHR(Prolactin-releasing peptide receptor) ELISA Kit |
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| EH15148 | FN Test | 96T | EUR 628.92 |
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Description: Method of detection: Double Antibody, Sandwich ELISA;Reacts with: Homo sapiens;Sensitivity: 18.75pg/ml |
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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Antibody Test Kit (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) |
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| CP04012 | UnScience | 96T/5*96T | Ask for price |
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Description: It is a semi quantitative competition ELISA kit to detect the Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Antibody in human serum or plasma. The micro test plate provided in this kit is pre-coated with recombinant human ACE2. During the reaction, the SARS-CoV-2 neutralization antibody in the standard & sample diluent pretreated samples or controls competes with a fixed amount of human ACE2 on the solid phase supporter for sites on the Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RBD fragment (HRP-RBD). After 37℃incubation, the unbound HRP-RBD as well as any HRP-RBD bound to non-neutralization antibody will be captured on the plate and eventually form the ACE2-RBD-HRP complex, while the circulating neutralization antibodies HRP-RBD complexes remain in the supernatant and are removed during washing. Then a TMB substrate solution is added to each well. The enzyme-substrate reaction is terminated by the addition of stop solution and the color change is measured spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 450 nm ± 2 nm. |
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Goat Prolactin ELISA Kit, 96 tests, Quantitative |
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| 10735 | Alpha Diagnostics | 1 Kit | EUR 927.6 |
Rat Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| 55R-1930 | Fitzgerald | 96 tests | EUR 708 |
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Description: ELISA Kit for detection of Prolactin in the research laboratory |
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Dog Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E08P0039-192T | BlueGene | 192 tests | EUR 1524 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Canine Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Dog Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E08P0039-48 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 48 wells | EUR 624 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Canine Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Dog Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E08P0039-96 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 96 wells | EUR 822 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Canine Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Rat Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E02P0039-192T | BlueGene | 192 tests | EUR 1524 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Rat Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E02P0039-48 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 48 wells | EUR 624 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Rat Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E02P0039-96 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 96 wells | EUR 822 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rat Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Pig Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E07P0039-192T | BlueGene | 192 tests | EUR 1524 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Pig Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E07P0039-48 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 48 wells | EUR 624 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Pig Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E07P0039-96 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 96 wells | EUR 822 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Porcine Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Fish Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| 55R-2035 | Fitzgerald | 96 tests | EUR 805.2 |
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Description: ELISA Kit for detection of Prolactin in the research laboratory |
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Goat Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E06P0039-192T | BlueGene | 192 tests | EUR 1524 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Goat Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E06P0039-48 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 48 wells | EUR 624 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Goat Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E06P0039-96 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 96 wells | EUR 822 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Goat Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Goat Prolactin ELISA KIT |
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| QY-E140057 | Qayee Biotechnology | 96T | EUR 495.6 |
Human Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| 55R-1924 | Fitzgerald | 96 tests | EUR 675.6 |
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Description: ELISA Kit for detection of Prolactin in the research laboratory |
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Mouse Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| 55R-1940 | Fitzgerald | 96 tests | EUR 708 |
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Description: ELISA Kit for detection of Prolactin in the research laboratory |
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Mouse Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E03P0039-192T | BlueGene | 192 tests | EUR 1524 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Mouse Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E03P0039-48 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 48 wells | EUR 624 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Mouse Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E03P0039-96 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 96 wells | EUR 822 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Mouse Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Human Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E01P0039-192T | BlueGene | 192 tests | EUR 1524 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Human Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E01P0039-48 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 48 wells | EUR 624 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Human Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E01P0039-96 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 96 wells | EUR 822 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Human Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Prolactin (human) ELISA Kit |
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| K4687-100 | Biovision | each | EUR 744 |
Human Prolactin ELISA Kit |
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| LF-EK50863 | Abfrontier | 1×96T | EUR 777.6 |
Mouse Prolactin ELISA Kit |
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| LF-EK50864 | Abfrontier | 1×96T | EUR 777.6 |
Human Prolactin ELISA Kit |
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| LF-EK60014 | Abfrontier | 1×96T | EUR 777.6 |
Rabbit Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| 55R-1938 | Fitzgerald | 96 tests | EUR 708 |
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Description: ELISA Kit for detection of Prolactin in the research laboratory |
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Rabbit Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E04P0039-192T | BlueGene | 192 tests | EUR 1524 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Rabbit Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E04P0039-48 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 48 wells | EUR 624 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Rabbit Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E04P0039-96 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 96 wells | EUR 822 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Rabbit Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Monkey Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E09P0039-192T | BlueGene | 192 tests | EUR 1524 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Monkey Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E09P0039-48 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 48 wells | EUR 624 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Monkey Prolactin ELISA kit |
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| E09P0039-96 | BlueGene | 1 plate of 96 wells | EUR 822 |
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Description: A competitive ELISA for quantitative measurement of Monkey Prolactin in samples from blood, plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and other biological fluids. This is a high quality ELISA kit developped for optimal performance with samples from the particular species. |
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Results of elevated CO 2 remedy of Populus davidiana × P. bolleana on progress and detoxifying enzymes in gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar
To this point, elevated CO2 concentrations within the setting triggered by numerous human actions affect various areas of life, together with the interactions between bugs and crops. The Lymantria dispar is without doubt one of the most severely damaging pests, which additional might inflict ecological and economical injury. On this experiment, one-year-old Populus davidiana × P. bolleana crops had been grown in CO2-enhanced environments for one month at three completely different CO2 concentrations: 397 ppm (atmospheric CO2 focus), 550 ppm and 750 ppm (two predicted elevated CO2 concentrations).
The third instar L. dispar larvae then ate up the handled poplar seedlings coated in a nylon bag. The L. dispar larvae ate up poplar seedling handled for 96 h confirmed the very best progress charge in any respect CO2 concentrations. Enzymatic exercise of handled larvae confirmed the very best GST and P450 exercise at 750 ppm CO2. The relative expressions of seven CYP and ten GST genes in L. dispar larvae had been analyzed quantitatively utilizing real-time RT-PCR, which the outcomes had been expressed variably. In comparison with 397 ppm CO2, the expression of CYP4L23 was down-regulated, whereas the expressions of different CYP genes had been up-regulated.
In the meantime, solely GSTo1 gene confirmed down-regulated at 48 h and 96 h in 750 ppm CO2 remedy, whereas GST expression stage for the opposite 9 GST genes confirmed up-regulated at 48 h and 72 h. These outcomes provide the perception into plant-insect interactions underneath world local weather change and moreover will present important info for strategic pest management based mostly on biochemical and molecular ranges modifications in gypsy moths.
Inhibition of Angiotensin-I Changing Enzyme by Ginsenosides: Construction-Exercise Relationships and Inhibitory Mechanism
Ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer) extract has been reported to inhibit the angiotensin changing enzyme (ACE); nevertheless, the doable inhibitory motion of most of its constituents (ginsenosides) in opposition to ACE stays unknown. Thus, on this research, we investigated ginsenoside derivatives’ inhibitory impact on ACE. We assessed the actions of 22 ginsenosides, most of which inhibited ACE considerably. Notably, protopanaxatriol, protopanaxadiol, and ginsenoside Rh2 exhibited probably the most potent ACE inhibitory potential, with IC50 values of 1.57, 2.22, and 5.60 μM, respectively. Additional, a kinetic research revealed completely different modes of inhibition in opposition to ACE.
Molecular docking research have confirmed that ginsenosides inhibit ACE through many hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with catalytic residues and zinc ion of C- and N-domain ACE that block the catalytic exercise of ACE. As well as, we discovered that the lively ginsenosides stimulated glucose uptake in insulin-resistant C2C12 skeletal muscle cells in a dose-dependent method. Furthermore, probably the most lively ginsenosides’ reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxynitrite (ONOO–) scavenging properties had been evaluated, by which IC50 values ranged from 1.44-43.83 to 2.36-39.56 μM in ONOO– and ROS, respectively. The outcomes derived from these computational and in vitro experiments present further scientific help for the anecdotal use of ginseng in conventional medication to deal with cardiovascular ailments equivalent to hypertension.
Selective Motion Mechanism of Fenclorim on Rice and Echinochloa crusgalli Is Related to the Inducibility of Detoxifying Enzyme Actions and Antioxidative Protection
Fenclorim (Fen) is a safener developed for pretilachlor (Pre) that may defend rice from damage attributable to Pre however doesn’t decrease the weed management results of Pre. Sadly, the mechanism of selective motion of Fen between rice and weeds, equivalent to Echinochloa crusgalli (barnyard grass), has not been clarified. On this research, the variations in physiology, biochemistry, and gene transcription between rice and E. crusgalli response to Fen had been in contrast. Evaluating the safety results of Fen on plant progress, it was discovered that Fen considerably protected rice from Pre, however didn’t defend E. crusgalli.
The detection of malondialdehyde (MDA) content material and actions of antioxidant enzymes confirmed that Pre induced vital oxidative injury each in rice and E. crusgalli; nevertheless, Fen lowered oxidative injury in rice however not in E. crusgalli.
Transcriptome evaluation revealed that Fen induced extra genes associated to herbicide metabolism in rice than in E. crusgalli, particularly the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genes, with six upregulated in rice however no genes upregulated in E. crusgalli. Accordingly, the GST exercise evaluation confirmed that Fen elevated the exercise of rice as an alternative of E. crusgalli. These outcomes point out that the elevation of detoxifying enzyme actions and antioxidative protection will be the mechanism of selective motion of Fen in rice however not in E. crusgalli.
Diagnosing Antibiotic Resistance Utilizing Nucleic Acid Enzymes and Gold Nanoparticles
The speedy and correct detection of antimicrobial resistance is crucial to limiting the unfold of infections and delivering efficient therapies. Right here, we developed a speedy, delicate, and easy colorimetric nanodiagnostic platform to determine disease-causing pathogens and their related antibiotic resistance genes inside 2 h. The platform can detect micro organism from completely different organic samples (i.e., blood, wound swabs) with or with out culturing. We validated the multicomponent nucleic acid enzyme-gold nanoparticle (MNAzyme-GNP) platform by screening sufferers with central line related bloodstream infections and achieved a medical sensitivity and specificity of 86% and 100%, respectively.
We detected antibiotic resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in affected person swabs with 90% medical sensitivity and 95% medical specificity. Lastly, we recognized mecA resistance genes in uncultured nasal, groin, axilla, and wound swabs from sufferers with 90% medical sensitivity and 95% medical specificity. The simplicity and flexibility for detecting micro organism and antibiotic resistance markers make our platform enticing for the broad screening of microbial pathogens.
